health

This report studies the health and economic aspects of tobacco taxation in Poland, including an assessment of the expected impact of excise hikes implemented by the Polish government from March 2025 on smoking incidence and cigarette consumption. We provide a detailed analysis of demand elasticities ...

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Problem Tobacco prices significantly influence consumption levels. Over the past decade, they have been falling in relation to incomes and the prices of other products in Poland. We show how a new law implementing an increase in excise duty will affect cigarette smoking and the ...

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Some households in an energy poverty crisis cannot rely on support from other people. Also, the effectiveness of programs combating energy poverty is limited due to difficulties in reaching households in crisis. Without institutional, material, and emotional support, people experiencing energy poverty cannot improve their ...

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We investigate the role of education in creating employment opportunities for persons with disabilities across the European Union. We use the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) for 2011-2019. We find that educational attainment is a major factor determining the probability of ...

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COVID-19 vaccines have proven highly effective in protecting against serious disease and death. Yet despite their introduction, Poland’s COVID-19 mortality rate remains high. This results from Poland’s lower vaccination rate compared to other EU countries – especially among people aged 70 or more who are ...

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In Poland, about 10% (1.3 million) of the population are energy-poor households that cannot heat and light their dwellings properly or use electrical appliances. The most common causes of energy poverty are low energy efficiency of the building and heat source, high energy costs and ...

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We study the gender differences in aversion to COVID-19 exposure. We use a natural experiment of the 2020 US Open which was organised in the country with the highest number of COVID-19 cases and deaths and was the first major professional tennis tournament after the ...

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We study the gender dimension of occupational exposure to contagious diseases spread by the respiratory or close-contact route. We show that in Europe, women are more exposed to contagion, as they are more likely than men to work in occupations that require contact with diseases, ...

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Social contacts are a key transmission channel of infectious diseases spread by the respiratory or close-contact route, such as COVID-19. There is no evidence, however, on the question of whether the nature and the organisation of work affect the spread of COVID-19 in different countries. ...

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This publication is part of the project realised for the Polish Ministry of Sport and Tourism.

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The most important engines for the growth of aggregate health care expenditures (HCE) in last 50 years in OECD have been growth of income, technological progress in medicine and their interaction with institutional setting. The accelerating ageing is expected to additionally fuel the growth of ...

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The aim of the article is to quantify the role of time-to-death in shaping health care costs. By combining a detailed break-down of population-wide data on publicly financed health care expenditure with the population and mortality data we are able to estimate a flexible model ...

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