labour market Archives - IBS - Instytut Badań Strukturalnych

2025-11-24 Fostering Inclusion of Workers in Vulnerable Situations: Practices and Policies at Company-Level. Evidence from qualitative interviews in four countries: Norway, Germany, Romania, Poland

authors:

Shirin Reiter

Rosa Maria Radogna

Mateusz Smoter

Laura Tufă

Justyna Katarzyna Bell

Iuliana Precupetu

Elisabeth Ugreninov

others

This working paper examines how company-level strategies intersect with national policy contexts to promote the inclusion of vulnerable workers across the three phases of employment: recruitment, career development, and retention. Using qualitative interviews with employers in Germany, Norway, Poland, and Romania, we explore how organisations ...

2025-11-21 New and changing risks oflabour marketattachment – the future of work

authors:

Mateusz Krząkała

Iga Magda

others

This working paper aims to deepen the understanding of the new factors associated with the risk of underemployment, unemployment and inactivity, while at the same time investigating the new dimensions of labour market vulnerability. The first part of the paper provides a descriptive analysis of ...

2025-10-20 Organizational Context of Ethnic Discrimination. Results from a Cross-National Survey Experiment.

authors:

Using a vignette experiment conducted in Germany, Norway, Poland, and Romania, we analyze whether employers discriminate job candidates based on their origin. We focus on how organizational context and recruitment practices shape hiring decisions. The results show that candidates of foreign origin are invited to ...

2025-07-28 How context shapes care-based discrimination in hiring: evidence from a cross-national factorial survey experiment

authors:

This study examines how the candidate’s partnership status and organizational context shapes care-based discrimination in hiring through a cross-national factorial survey experiment conducted in Germany, Norway, Poland, and Romania. Recruiters evaluated fictional job candidates with randomly varied characteristics including gender, partnership status, and parenthood. We ...

2025-05-29 Working from Home and Job Satisfaction: A Mediating Effect of Organisational Culture

authors:

Zuzanna Kowalik

working paper

The widespread shift to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated a debate on its impact on employee satisfaction. Despite assumptions that greater flexibility and autonomy would inherently boost job satisfaction, research findings have been inconsistent. A key mechanism that might help explain these mixed ...

2025-05-14 Impact of health and skills on the risk of weak labour market attachment

authors:

Marta Palczyńska

Katarzyna Lipowska

others

This study examines how skills use influences labor market attachment among individuals with health limitations using European Union Labour Force Survey data from 2022. Our analysis reveals that digital and social skills use significantly improve employment prospects within this population, while cognitive skills show a ...

2025-05-08 Gender pay gap—how much more do men earn than women?

authors:

Iga Magda

Agata Rozszczypała

policy paper

Problem: Despite regulations aimed at reducing gender inequality, significant disparities in the earnings of men and women persist in the labour market. These inequities are unjust and inefficient, hindering increased female participation in the workforce, which is critically needed from both economic and demographic perspectives. ...

2025-03-28 Workers’ exposure to AI across development

authors:

This paper develops a task-adjusted, country-specific measure of workers’ exposure to Artificial Intelligence (AI) across 108 countries. Building on Felten et al. (2021), we adapt the Artificial Intelligence Occupational Exposure (AIOE) index to worker-level PIAAC data and extend it globally using comparable surveys and regression-based ...

2025-03-07 The effects of automation on workers’ wages

authors:

Karol Madoń

working paper

This study examines the impact of automation on workers' wages across 20 European countries between 2010–2018. Overall, it identifies a net positive effect of robot adoption on average wages at the sectoral level, especially pronounced among routine manual and nonroutine manual occupations. Importantly, these effects ...

2025-03-07 The relationship between Artificial Intelligence (AI) exposure and return to education

authors:

Karol Madoń

working paper

This paper studies the relationship between exposure to artificial intelligence (AI) and workers’ wages across European countries. Overall, a positive relationship between exposure to AI and workers’ wages is found, however it differs considerably between workers and countries. High-skilled workers experience far higher wage premiums ...

2025-03-06 The Role of Job Task Degradation in Shaping Return Intentions: Evidence from Ukrainian War Refugees in Poland

authors:

This paper studies the relationship between professional experiences and return intentions of Ukrainian war refugees in Poland, following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Using country-wide, online surveys conducted in 2022 and 2023 and worker-level measures of job tasks, we show that refugees' ...

2024-11-06 Is the four-day working week warranted in Poland?

authors:

Problem Polish weekly working time is, on average, longer than in other EU countries. The Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy is considering reducing working time to four days per week, with wages corresponding to five days of work. Main message The introduction of ...